When I include the Sponge.Force software on my server the armors do not work. The armors do not protect.
Do you know about this problem?
Can you help me?

Server: Minecraft Forge 1.12.2 - 14.23.5.2855
Sponge

Best regards.

What version of SpongeForge are you using, and which mods?
I also STRONGLY recommend updating Forge, as more recent versions are patched to avoid the log4j exploit.

Is it possible to update “minecraft forge” without losing the world, or do you mean update the “Sponge forge”?

-Server: Minecraft Forge 1.12.2 - 14.23.5.2855

-How can I know the version of “Sponge” I am using?

Updating Forge should do no harm. Make sure to use the installer so it updates the libraries.
SpongeForge has the version number in the filename. You can also use the command /sponge version